Machine



March 17, 1931.

H. A. TOULMIN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed Jane 25, 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTQR HARRY A. Tau/ .M/N, .1,2.

BY fm?? M ATTORNEY? March 17 1931. H. A. TOULWN, JR 1,796,636

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HARRY Tann/NME.

BY/Mv H. A. TOULMIN, JR

March 17, 1931.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet 3 Imm NN om. I mm. `N QN NN WN nw m @E ATTORNEYC March 17, 1931. H. A. ToULMlN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet4 4 INVENTQ R #fm/2r A701/Mlm Je.

BY wwf/M, l'

A-r-roRNEx/q March 17, 1931. H. A. ToULMlN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June' 25.

1928 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 l l I I I I l l I l l I l I I l l I l I l I I l l I l l l l I I I l l l I l l l I l l I IIJ l 5). j 2 2 r l JT f I 15V( ,mw 15N J 11|- j Is A 1 n Il.. THU-- f I HNNHHuL U Il; rnwmulh 1li f wL W* mll. (1|- Q QQ ndi NVENTOR /9- Tal/ MIN, JR.

March 17, 1931. H A TQULMlN` JR 1,796,636

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet 6 \N\./ENTOR HARRY n. raul. M/N, Jua.

BY www ATTORNEYS March 17, 1931. H. A. TouLMlN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet 7 mvEN-roR YH TOI/MIN JR BY E A-r-roRNen/g f Egg March 17, 1931. H. A. TOULMIN, JR 1,795,636

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL l Filed June 25, 1928 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 l .1H Mmmm me. \z

me. :a

\NVENTOR 'HARRY A. TouLM/N, Je.

a 1 BY VVMmh 17,. 1931.

H. A. TOULMIN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25. 1928 l0 Sheets-Sheet 9 FIG. I4

I NVEN'T O R Hmz/ZY f7. T01/1. muy, JK.

March 17, '1931.

H. A. TOULMN, JR

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING BUILDING MATERIAL Filed June 25, 1928 10 Sheets-Sheet lO INVENTQR M7/mr A. 70u nfl/v, JfeA BY JLMZYMMWW Patented Mar. 17, 1931 eric urli@ MACHINE?FORi MANUFACTURING BULDING MATERIAL Application filed lTime 25,

This-invention relates to `:machines for the manufacture of' building. material, and in particular;l for` themanufacture ofly huilding units of i-llshapeof concrete, ceramicmateria-l and other materialsof.'lilrernature.

Itis anolojectof this invent-ion to provide a machine in which there is a movablemold hoxsuperimposed upon thepallet, which may he filled! With plastic material, and to Which n) adie is appliedI under a predetermined amount of pressure, such? pressure being' gradually' applied With positive effect and result It is also an objectief this invention to i5 provide almachine'of thistfyp'e in which the pallet; mold hon and other parts are automatically operated' and1 the parts so timed as to effect the operationsinfproper sequence, eacho'peratfion heing performed in sutlicient 20 time topermit othersucceeding operations to he performed. y

It is a.V further ohject of` thisA inventionto provide a machine of this type in which the partsare reduced toa minimum and sorelated as to produce a machine compact in its nature, and one that may hef operated with the least amount ofhurnan supervision.

A large series or" these machines may loe operated 1oy one person since each part of 30 each machine is automat-ic in; its operation, and when once started theplacinw ofthe part'sin proper position, the supplying' of the material and theremovalof; the finished product" from'the machineY is all automatic, only needing supervision for the purpose of seeing that no disorder in the' machinery takes place.

For the purpose of illustration there is presented? herewith one embodiment of this machine, which is merely by Way. of illustration, andfit is understood that. the invention is-not limited to the particular form here shown.

In the drawings:

Figure' l'V represents a side elevationof the machine-With part ofthe oil pipes omitted.

Figure Qis av-iew of; the machine showing the stach of palletsandlthe means for operat- V ing th pallets7 together With the molds `and tion.

less. serial no. esteso.

the means for feeding the material to the mold hon.

Figure 3 is a sectional plan `View showing the stack of` pallets and the platform upon which the pallets rest to support the mold hon.

Figure l is a sectional vieuT` of the hopper with the accompanying rollsupport.

Figure 5 isla plan vienT of the hopper taken at right anglesto that shown in Figure fl, and shows the spreader and equalizer.

Figure 6 is a general View of the system of oil pipes with the motor and pump and the rotor which force and control the passage of oil to the respective cylinders for tliepurpose of operating the different parts ofthe machine.

Figure Tis a top View* ofthe rotor partially in section, and showing the rotor operating gear.

Figure 8 is a section of the rotor showing the inlet pipe and part of the outlet pipes.

Figure 9 is an outside View of the rotor showing the openings through which the oil or compression fluid passes from tlicrotor into the pipes.

Figure l() is a View oi the casing showing the openings in the casing which communicate'with the openings in the rotor, and to which the pipes for conveying the fluid to the cylinders are attached. and communicate.

Figures ll, l2 and lil illustrato branches in the oil pipe and the folies for controlling the flow of the oil or fluid thercthrmlgh.

Figure l1 shows the Valves in idle posi Figure 12 shows the -calves in pressure position7 While Figure i3 shows the valves in-return position.

Figure 14 is al plan View of the mold die.

Figure l5 is a secti nal View of the mold die as shown in Figure lil.

Figure 1G is a plan View of one section of a modified form of mold hon, showing the ornamentation on the surface thereof.

Figure 17 is an enlarged View of part of the mold box shownin Figure lh.

Referring to the drawings and the numerals thereon, the numeral i represents the frame or supportsrof `Which there maybe on the end thereof pistons ofthe usual type and form, adapted to operate in cylinders 8,

which areattached to the cross pieces 4, as

indicated by the numeral '9.

Leading from the cylinders 8 are pipes 10. These pipes lead tothe part of the machine adapted to force VVout and receiveoil Vto andfrom the cylinders.

Suitably mounted upon the supports 1 is a press member 11, which has extending downwardly therefrom plungers 12 of a form adapted to fit within the molds cf the mold boX. This press is located immediately above the mold and is adapted to cooperate with and engage the molds for the purpose of pressing the materialdeposited within the molds. Attached, to the upper horizontal surface of this press 11 is a piston rod 13,

lwhich has on the other end thereofa piston rod, not shown, which operates in the cylinder 14.V kThe purpose of this cylinder, piston and piston rod is to operate the press and to bring the plungers into contact with the material in the mold box. y

Leading from the cylinder 14 are oil pipes 15. These oil pipes lead to and from the oil distributing mechanism the same asl do the oil pipes 10. This cylinder 14 is constructed of sufficient size, and is provided with oil in 'such a manner that a very high degree of pressure may bey applied to the press Y11, and this pressure may be applied and removed with sucient rapidity that the placing of the parts in position, the depositing of the plastic materialwithin the mold and the pressing of the material may all be done with great rapidity. l Y y vSuitably supported by the supports 1 and within the frame formed thereby are track members 16. I The purpose of these track members is to support the hopper as it moves to position to discharge the plastic material into the molds.

Located to one side offthe frame formed,

by the supports 1 is a stack of pallets. These pallets vare indicated by the reference character 17. These pallets are placed in a stack in such amanner that they may be gradually elevatedV and fed onto the base for the purpose of supporting the mold box and itsk plastie content. Y y

On each side ofthe stack of pallets there is provided a support 18 on the upper end of which is mounted a shaft 19, properly supported in bearings on the supports. On one or both ends of the shaft there may be located a ratchet wheel 20, which is engaged by a pawl 21 for the purpose of rotating the shaft and by holding pawl 21. The shaft 19 also carries on each end, adjacent the ratchet wheel, a pulley 22 over which passes the rope 23, having on one end thereof a weight 24, while the other end is attached to a platform 25 by means of outstandingbrackets 26.

' This platform for the pallets may be suitably guided by the pallet support. The pallet hoisting means is operated by cylinders 27, in which operate piston reds 28, which have pivoted thereto arms 29. These arms 29 are pivotally mcunted at their other ends on the shaft 19 and have the pawls 21 pivoted therei 0n. For the purpose of conveying oil to and from the cylinders 27 there are pipes 30 which lead to and from the oil distributing mechanism.

For the purpose of feeding the pallets from the stack of pallets onto the mold base there is provi deda cylinder Y31, which has provided therefor the supports 32. This cylinder 31 has the pipes 33 for the purpose of conducting oil to and from the cylinder' in the manner described for pipes 30.

Fitting within thiscylind'er 31 is a piston of the ordinary type, which has attached thereto the piston rod 34. When the oil is conveyed to and from this cylinder the rod `34 is caused to move toward or from the stack of pallets.v When the'pistcn rod 34 moves over the stack of pallets one pallet is forced from the stack onto the base for the purpose of receiving` thereon a meld box. For the purpose ofguidingthe pallet as it is forced from the stack onto the base guide members are provided, as indicated by the numeral 35, as shown inlligure 3.

lGO

- For the Ypurpose of conveying eff the used pallet andthe newly formed building blocks Ythereon a system of conveying is used. 36

' represents the support for one end of the conveyor adjacent .the machine. This support has mounted on the upper end thereof a roller 37, which has trunnions 38 on each end, which engage the bearings 39-on the upperend of the supports 36.

Passing around the 'roller 37 is la conveyor Vbelt 40. This belt is suitably supported and operated by a similar construction to that just described at its ether end. The pallet 17, with its contents, isfcrced` onto this conveyor 40, which conveys it away from the ma chine. For the purpose ef removing the pallet and its contents from the support there is provided a cylinder 41, which is suitably supported by the' support members 42. This cylinder 41 is provided with the usual oil pipes 43, which convey oil te and from the oil propelling` mechanism. Fitting within this cylinder is the usual piston with a piston rod masses f 4a. rllhis piston rod 141 is vadapted' toiengage the adjacent surface of the pallet 17 to re move the pallet and the` molded blocks from the'support onto the conveyor.

" To loci; ythe press 1n raised position there a` pin i3 operated by the cylinder 52 to re` elease the press, and by springI 52 to loch the press.

l tion to the other part of the machine. `Clust `belenT the hopper 45th-ere 1s a movable section of the hopperit, which `is suitably snp- `ported by the rollers Lif?, which are supported i by and moved along' the track` 16. l

. provided a suitable bottom 48, which extends i Forthe purpose of supporting the plastic miXftureor material in the hopper Li6 there is to the adjacent edge of the mold box.` As the hopper moves to discharging position it `passes ofi the bottom i6 and over the mold :box to Vfill the molds.

F or the purpose of evenly distributing the plastic materialin` the fold forms, there is provided a distributing and guessing member 63, shown in Figures 4 and which will be described later. As the hopper is Withdrawn i from the mold boirthebottom i8 closes the hopper and prepares for the reception of more plastic material.

Oneach side of the movable honpertheie .mounted thereon a catch member 54 at the point 55. This catch member is held `in enygagement by means of a spring 54. i

l Vhen the movable hopper section advances to mold-'iilline `oositioifi the hon er section li5needs to be closed and for that ur ose i P P `there is iroyided a'slidino` closure member 56 which has extending therefrom a lug member 57, Which enages or is engaged by the `catch member 5i. As the hopper advances vto mold-filling position the closure memberl 56 is advanced .so as to close the hopper 45u VVlutwhen the closure 56 reaches a certain pointthe catch 54 may be released so that the hopper may be advanced to proper filling position for the molds, and when the hopper is brought bach to refilling` position the clo-` sure 56 is carried with it, thereby opening the lower part of the hopper i5 for the admission of a fresh amount of plastic material into themoving hopper, the llower part of `6l, which the .moving been closed.v

Fortlie purpose of operating the movable hopper in the meantime having whopper, as before described, to mold-filling `position andbaclethere 1s `pivoted a piston rod 58 at the point 59 tothe rear extensions ot the movable hopper d6. This piston rod tlhas on the other end thereof a piston, not shoufmwhichiits and operateswithin `the cylinder 60, 1Which is suitably supported,

as indicated by thenumeral 6l. Leading trom this cylinder 60 are the usual oil pipes .62, which conductioil to and from the `oil distgibutinp,- mechanism.

rlhe spreading and packing' of the plastic mixture inthe molds are accomplished by the stirrer or spreader 63, particularly shown in Figures Ll and 5. This stirrer has blades are adapt-ech: as it"rotat-es to distribute the plastic materiali over themold lb and attlie same timeserveto: press the 1c material into the molds.

it ivillbe noticed by an observation of .ieure 5 tl .t tl bladesare spiral intheir di position and While passing"inwardly` over the niiolds they rotate in one direction,` and While pa. outwardly they rotate in another d waren.. thereby effecting a fairly equal distrilmtion of the `plastic material and the proper pressing of the same Within the molds.

For the purpose of distributing` oil to all the slime-describedcylinders, there is provided a pumpI and oil distributing system, which operated by acheter-1.65 and which has the usual motor shaft 66,to`\vhich isiattacbed a pump 67. Leading to this pump is an intake pipe 68 and an outlet pipe 69.

Through the Vpipe 69 the oil, or any other `fluid used, is fforcediinto and through ithc rotor Whore it is distrilnitedto each of the x rrei-mentioned pipes. This rotor is indicated bythe numeral 70,Which more particularly refers tothe rotor casing. 1

Within the casing is mounted arot-or 70. The whole rotor structure is supportedvon support men'ibers 7l.` The central part ot the rotor isfholloived ont in a cylindrical form, as ir -ated by 72, but closedlat one oneforming a cylinder with one end closed `.and the other one open.

On the closed end of the cylinder there is formed a lug' 73, Which has a holetherein in Which is received a drive shaft 75. In thc back part of the rotor casi ne; there is provided a cavity 74, into Which the lng' 73 lits.V .The drive shaft is supported in bearings 76, formed in the back part ofthe casing. On this shaft 75 is a pgear member 77, which meshes with the pinion 76. This pinion 78 is on a motor shaft Which is driven'by a motor 79.` This motor 79 controls the distribution of the fluid or oil into the pipes leading toand from the respective cylinders, and the time of the admission of oil` into any K lparticular pipe is controlled by the openings i in therotor casing and corresponding openf ings in the'rotor. The pump mechanism merely controls thel How of the fluid and. its pressure, having nothing to do with the time of the flow. By regulating the speed of the motor 79 the speed of the operation of the machine may be regulated.:V

Attention is directed tolligure 6, in which is shown the system ofcylinders, pipes there-v for and the rotor Vfor distributing the oil.

` These parts are here shown diagrammatically. It `Will be noticed from an examination of this figure that each cylinder has a pipe 'at each'end, andthat each of'these pipes branches, one branch leading to the rotor and the other to the intake pipe leading into the v pump.

By this means and a system of valve structure, hereafter described, the oil can be forced by the rotor into either end of the cylinder depending vupon What pipe is connected with 'the rotor pipe, and While the oil'is being forced into one end of the cylinder the pipeV vleading fromthe other end of the cylinder 1s open .for the conveyance of oil back into the Y intake pipe 68. By a suitable arrangement of the oil openings in the rotor the timing of the admission of oil to any part of the cyl- 13. In Figure llfthere is shown the position of the valves While at rest,v Figure 12 shows. the position of the valves under pressure' from the rotor. Figure 18 shows the position of the valves When tl ere is no pressure from the rotor but the oil is being conducted from the cylinder back to theintake pipe 68.

f For these figures, and these figures alone, the reference character 8O represents the pressure pipe,-that is,'the pipe leading from the vrotor andconducting oilV from the rotor into the differentcylinders. In this pipe there is inserted a valve mechanism' indicated generally .by the numeral 81 Which has provided therein a valve seat 82 and a. ball valve 83.

llTor the purpose of holding thisball on a seat there is provided a spring84e. lt Will be noted also that these valves are located after-the pipe leading from thepiston branches, one

` vrbranch leading to the rotor and the other to the intake pipe 68.

The return pipe is indicated by the numeral 85, Which has insertedtherein a valve, indicated generally by the numeral86. in

Vthis valve isa seat 87 adapted to receive valve mechanism in the shape of a ball 89. This ball is held in seat by means of spring 90. VThe spring 90 is a weaker spring than spring 84 and so 'Will yield more under pressure kthan Will spring 84, which is in the pres# sure line. l i

- The operation of this set of valves is as fol Y this oil `will be forced bac-k into valve 86, butV the yspring that holds this valve being weaker than the spring that supports valve ball 83, Willbe entirely closed, forming a nevv'valve seat with the ball 89 resting thereon, whereby the pipe 85 is completely closed. lt is understood in this condition that the spring 90 will be absolutely compressed When the pressure is one khundred pounds, but that the spring 84C will be only something like half closed. Under this condition the line 85 is closed, the pipe 8G through the valve 81 is opened tothe pipe 91, which leads to the cylinders. Y

Vil hen the reverse action takes place and the oil is being conducted back from the pistons through pipe 91 the valve 81 is closed, due to the action of spring 84, While valve 86 is open so that the iiuid will pass from the cylinders,

through pipe 91'into pipe 85 and into the intake pipe 68, and into the pump.

. lt is to be understood that the pressure of the oil leaving the cylinder going to the pump is less than the pressure of the oil under pressure condition so that the pressure on the valve 89 isnot sufficient to close the spring, but is suii'icient to open the valve and permit the return of the oil so the oil passes through the valve back to theY pump.

Operation Assuming that a pallet has been removed from the stack of pallets and is in proper position on the base 2 for the reception of the mold' form, the machinery is started, the

Y'parts are adjusted in such a Way that oil or 1 necessary to admit oil into thereverse end of the cylinder, and consequently the pipes must be sufficiently adjusted at the rotor for that purpose. As soon asthe movable hopper is Withdrawn the press and its plungers 12 are lowered by .means of the cylinder 14. This rial that has been deposited in the mold boX and press it and cause it to become a compact and consistent mass ofthe proper form.

lVhile this press is inpressing position the Y press and plungers engage the plastic materotor has come to the point in its rotation Where the oil that has been admitted to cylinders 8 for the pui-posent lowering the molds is shifted, 'the pressure oil being Withdrawn bacl; to e. pump and pressure applied to the lower i er for the purpose of raisir ln raising operi Ahe press and plunger-s pressing condition, whereby 1ial formed inthe molds is held dovrn u" e the mold ber; raised, thereby,` stripping' the mold boi: from the form blocks.

After the mold boxl'aas been thus raised the admission of oil to cylinder' is reversed, the press and plungers are raised so that the pallet l? and its load `oi blocks are free and ready to be n'iovecL to the conveyor. Ait this time oil is admitted to the cylinder lll in such a way as to ,torce the piston 44 in the directionoi' the pallet 17, whereby the pallet with its `load is forced onto the conveyor 40. lVheu the pallet l?, aufL its load have been forced off of the base 2, oil is admitted to the cylinder .2?, and as far as that is concerned may have been admitted before at any con venient time, in such a Way as to raise the staclr of pallets so that the nest highest pallet can be `forced onto the base 2. This is done by the admission oi oil to cylinder 31, which forces the top pallet'onto the base 2, Where it is in posi on to receive the mold box andthe plastic material. rand the `operation iustdescribed in re'fnrdtothe formation ,of the plasticmatei.. the building blocks is again carried out. y

The sequence oi action on the part of each cylinder is determined by the relative position of the openings in the rotor and the rotor casing, whereby the conveyance ot oil from the pumpinto the various pipes is determined and the proper sequence effected. The relative position must be arranged so asto effect the relative operationof the parts, as hereinubefore described.

`There is shown in Fi `gares 9 ,and 10 the rela.- tive arraugrsmentoi the rotor and the rotor Casin with the ports `therein leading; to the ,soeetive pines to the different cylinders. is thought suticient to adequately illustrate one` form of the arrangement of the ports in the rotor and the easing forthe purpose of conveying oil under pressure to the respective cylinders in the proper sequence. lt is understood, of course, that Figure 9 represr..` s the rotor While Figure l0 Vrepresente the fouter casing; in which the rotor ro tates.

lf theparts of Figure 9, indica-ted by the letters A and B, are brought into position With the part shown in Figure lOsothat the bar A of `Figure 9 comes in contact with the bar A of Figure l0. and the bar B of Figure 9 comes in contact Twith the bar B of Figure l0, and the rotor is moved toward the lefthand,

the propersequence of action will take place so that `the oil `is delivered to and from the cylinders so as to produce the desired `pressure and for the desired length of time.

According to this showing, the holes 62 ivi ll align with each other first, and the hopper will -he moved vinto feeding position and bach, due to the hole G2 of Figure 9 comingir in Contact with hole 62 olFgure l0. After the hopper has `been placed in feeding position and drawn b cli, the 4press then is applied to the material in the mold and "held there for someperiod, asindicated by the tiret numeral l5 of Figure 9. i

iiter the press has been applied to the plastic material in the imold, and duringr the time oi' the pressure, `the mold `box begins to rise and strip the plastic material iormed into blocks, and after the mold has risen substantially the height of the blocks the press then begins to risc, as indicated bythe numoral l5 oi' Figure 9. The pressure is maintained in the pipes 10 and l5 so as to hold the bor up until it is desired that `it be replaced for :filling purposes, and the press is held up, as indicated by the long slot in Figure if), indicated by the second numeral 15, until it is desired to lower the press after the box has again been iilled with material.

After the press has been raised and the box removed from the formed blocks, the pallet with the blocks thereon is unloaded from the support and the, unloading means brought back to its normal position, as indicated by the numeral i3 designatingl the oil ports in Figure 9. These ports each lit into ports correspondingly numbered in the rotor casing, shown in F igure 10. After the pallet, with the formed blocks, has been removed other pallets are fed onto the form, as indicated by the numeral 33, next in succession after the removal of the pallet. Of course, these aetions ot feeding and removing the feeding `means from the pallet follow each other iu rapid succession. Of course, the pallets are fed from the stack. This is merely done by an up and down movement oi the piston, which forces `the oil through the pipes 30.

lil-,lhle these ports are shown in the figure in such a Way as to make this action taire place immediately aftertbe pallets have been fed onto the support, this action may take place at any convenient time between the feeding of the pallet onto the support and the removal of the pallet from the support.

The next step after a pallet has been placed on the support is to lower the mold box. This is done by means of oil being forced through pipes l0 and openings 10. The oil used is extremely heavy, and is suiiieient in quantity to lreepthe pipesand the cylinders, the rotor and the pump substantially full at all times so that a slight movement of the pump and the rotor produces the desired pressure at the desired point 'instanlaueo'usly and the motor is sufliciently reduced in order to make the rotation of the rotor suiiiciently slow to perform the functions desired.

rotor has nothing vto do eXcept to control the direction of the oil as it is forced .from the pump, through the dierent pipes, to the different parts of the cylinders.

I desire to comprehend Within my invention such modicationsas may be clearly em-v braced within my claims and the scope of my invention. Y

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: Y

l. In a building material machine, a support, means for supporting` a stack of pallets adjacent said support, means for elevating said stack step by step, and means for feeding said pallets to the support one at a time at stated intervals. l I

2. In a building material machine, a support, means for supporting a stack of pallets adjacent said support, fluid operative means for elevating said stack of pallets step by step,

and means f or feeding said pallets to the supportone at atime.

3. In a buildin()q material machine, a support, means for supporting a stack of pallets .y port at stated intervals, means for placing a mold upon Vsaid pallet, and means for filling the mold with "plastic material, all of said means being operated by a common continuously operating rotor and pump means.

5. In a bulding material machine, a support, means for placing pallets upon the support at regular intervals, means for lowering a mold upon said pallet, means for filling the mold with plastic material, means for graduallyapplying pressure to said plastic material, means for removing the pressure, raising the mold and ejecting the pallet from the supsupport and a pump and roto-r means for continuouslyoperating all of said means in proper succession.

6. In a building material machine, a sup-y port, means for placing pallets upon thesup port at regula-rintervals', meansfor lowering a mold upon said pallet, means for filling the mold with plastic material, means for gradu- The treatiesY ally applying pressure tol said plastic material, means forremoving the pressure, raising the mold just before pressure is removed and ejecting the pallet from t-he support, and conveyor means for conveying the pallet away from the support.

7. In a building material machine, a support, means to place a pallet upon saidsupport, a mold, means for lowering the mold` upon the pallet, ,means for filling the mold with plastic material, means for pressing the plastic material, means for raising the pressure means and, the mold, and means forv removing the pallet with the plastic material thereon to a conveyor and a common operating means for all of said means, said last named means including a pump and a rotor and a pipe leading from each means to the pump and rotor. s

8. In a building material machine, a support, a pallet thereon, a mold, fluid means for lowering the mold upon the pallet, fluid operative means for depositing plastic material in the mold, means for applying pressure to the plasticmaterial inthe mold, means for elevating'the mold While the pressure means is still operating, means to remove the press means,

' port, a pallet upon said support, fluid means for placing amold uponsaid pallet, fluid means for applying plastic material to said mold, iuid means for removing said mold from said plastic material, and means to remove said pallet and plastic material thereon from said support.

10. In a building material machine, means to support a mold, a mold upon said support, automatic means for feeding plastic material to said mold, automatic means for pressing the plastic material in said mold, automatic means for removing the mold from said plastic material and ejectingsaid plastic material from the support and a continuously rotating cylinder cooperating with each of said automatic means for the proper successive operation of said automatic means.

11. In a building material machine, a mold, means to feed plastic material to said mold, fluid pressure means for applying pressure to said plastic material in the mold, fluid pressure means for removing the mold from the plastic material whileV pressure is applied, means for removing the pressure, and means for ejecting the plastic material from t-he supporting means.

12. In a building material machine, a mold, means for feeding plastic material toY the mold, means for applying pressure to lthe plastic material within the mold, fluid presn sure means for removing the Vmold from the plastic material while under pressure, fluid pressure means for removing the pressure fromitlie plasticwmaterial, and fluid pressure ineaosiforiremouing the plastic material from the support means, alloperated by acoinnion operating means. y

13,; In a buildinginaterialmachine, a fired support, iineans -tor forming plastic material into building units on sadsupport, and automatically operated fluid pressure means `'for removing :the building. units` :from said support after being formed.

14. In a buildingl material machine, a fined support, means for forming' plastic material into building units on said support, i' uid operative means for removing said building` units from the support, and conveyor means for conveying said units away.

15. In a building material machine, fixed support, means mounted on said support for forming building units of plastic material., means for removing said building units from said support, all of said means being operated by a fluid pressure means.

16. In a building material machine, a. fired support, means for placing a pallet upon said support, means for mounting mold upon said pallet, means for supplyingl plastic inaterial to said mold, means to apply pressure to said plastic material wit-hin said mold, an d means to release the mold and pressure means `from the plastic material, and means to remove the* pallet and the plastic material thereon from the support, all of said means being operated in succession by a common opi erating means.

17. In a building material machine, a fired support, means on said support for forming plastic material into building units, means for removing said units from said support, all of said means being duid operated from a common source of fluid pressure.

18. In a building material machine, a fir: ,d support, means for feeding pallets to said support, means for locating a. mold on said pallet, means for placing plastic material Within said mold, means for applying; pressure to said plastic material to form building units, means to remove the pressure and release the building units and remove them from the support, all of said means beingir operated in succession by fluid pressure, and

rotor means for controlling the application ot fluid pressure to operate the foregoing means in proper succession.

'19. In a building material machine, a plurality of cylinders having pistons therein. a fluid pressure means, pipes leading from the fluid pressure means to the cylinders, and means located in the pipes between the cylinders and the fluid pressure means to cont-rol and direct the flow of the duid from the pressure means to the cylinders and from the cylinders back to thepressure means.

20. In abuilding material machine, a plurality of cylinders havingr pistons therein, source of fluid pressure, pipes leading from the source of fluid pressure to the cylinders,

one pipe to each end of each cylindeiyianda common located in each pipe operated by pressure therein for directing the flow of the fluid to the cylinders in such a Way that the pistons may be operated in and from the cylinders.

2 ln abuildingmaterial machine, means for ap'L y ,-ressure, said means including a series oi ylinders, a source of pressure, a sei .es of pipesy leading; from said source of pressure to said cylinders, and rotor means associated uitli said pipes `and source of pressure to control the delivery ofpressure from the pressure means to the cylinders.

ln a building,l material machine, means for aijiplying pressure, said means includingr a series of cylinders having pistons therein, a source of pressure, a `series of pipes leadingr from said source of pressureto saidcylindcrs, and rotorimeans associated wit-li said pipes and source of pressure to control the delivery of pressure from the pressure means to the cylinders ln building; material for apply' ure.

machine, `means ire including av cylinder,

leading from the pressure producing means to the rotor, a pipe leading from one end of the cylinder having branches, one oftvhicli to the rotor and the other to the rpressure produciiui` means, :a second pipe .from

the other ond oft' tliecylinder having branches, one oit Whielileads to the rotor and the other to the pressure producing means, anduvalves located in each of d branches to control the flowof `fluid throughthe pipes from the rotor to the cylinder and from the cylinder .to the pressure means. y

2a. .ln a building' material machine, means for applying pressure iiicluding a cylinder', i ire producing means, pressure dietrib` i o' means, a pipe leading; from the pressure producing;I means `to the pressure distributing means, pipe leading); from one `end of thc cylinder haviiuiv branches, one of which goes to the pressure distributing;- meansandtlie other to the pressure producing means, a seo ond pipe from the other end of the cylinder haring; branches, one of which leads to the pressure;.distributing means and the other to the pressure producing means, and Valves 1 l iro producing means, a rotor, a pipe* from the pressure distributing means to the cylinder and from the cylinder to the pressure producing means.

26. In a. building material machine, means for applying pressure including a cylinder, pressure producing vmea-ns, pressure distributing means, a pipe leading from the cylinder, said pipe dividing into two branches, one branch leading to the pressure distributing means, the other branch leading' to the presport, means for placing a mold upon a pallet on the support, means for placing plastic material in the mold, hydraulic means for applying pressure to the plastic material inthe molds, and a common means for actuating eachv of the foregoing means automatically and in proper succession.:y

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

' HARRY A. TOULMIN, JR..

sure producing means, and pressure operated means in said branches to control the flow of fluid from the pressure distributing means to the cylinder and from the cylinder to the pressure producing means.

27. In abuilding material machine, means for applying pressure including a cylinder, pressure producing means, pressure distribuating means,'a pipe leading from each 'end of the cylinder, said pipes branching into tWo branches, one branch leading to the pressure p'roducingmeans, the other branch leading tothe pressure distributing means, and pressure control means in said branches -to control the floWo'f the fluid from the pressure distributing means to the cylinder and from thef cylinder to the pressure producing means.

28. In abuilding material machine, a support, means for feeding a pallet to said support, means for locating the mold on said pallet, means vfor placing plastic material Within lsaid mold,'means for producing pressure on said plastic material Within the mold,

' means for removing the pressure and the mold from the plasticmaterial, and removing the complete unit and the pallet from the support, and a common continuously operated fluid means for operating and controlling in proper succession each of the foregoing IIIGZLDS.

29. In a building material machine, a support, means for feeding a pallet to said support, means for locating a mold on said support, means for feeding plastic material to ksaid mold, means for applying vpressure to 30. In a building material machine, a fixed l support, means 'for automatically feeding pallets to the support, means for applying a form to the pallet on the support, means for delivering vplastic material to the form,

and hydraulic means for applying pressure to the plastic material in the form. i

31. In a building material machine, a fixed support, means for feeding pallets to the sup- 

